目前关于小微企业R D研究中,大都从政府行为角度出发,很少有涉及小微企业市场主体地位的分析。本文将小微企业作为市场竞合主体的重要组成部分进行了深入分析,认为小微企业作为市场竞合主体的R D路径,主要分为两类：(1)小微企业与大企业建立研发合作关系。根据技术研发价值链的关系,小微企业与大企业的合作关系又可以细分为三类。①研发阶段和产品阶段都合作；②研发阶段合作,产品阶段不合作；③研发阶段不合作,产品阶段合作。(2)小微企业之间通过构建研发合作联盟与大企业进行竞争。从而得出小微企业与大企业的R D合作收益大于独立R D收益；小微企业之间的R D合作是不稳定的。并对此提出一些合理建议。

At present about Small and micro enterprises in R D research, mostly from the government point of view, no analysis relates to small and micro enterprises market main body status. In the paper, the small and micro enterprises as one of the most important part of the market competition main body and make thorough analysis. This paper divided path of the market competing body of small and micro enterprises’ R D into two categories: (1) Small and micro enterprises and large corporation to establish R D partnership. According to the relationship of R D value chain, small micro enterprises and large corporation relations of cooperation can be subdivided in to three categories. ① cooperation in the stage of R D and product; ② R D cooperation and noncooperation product; ③ noncooperation R D and cooperation product. (2) By building R D cooperation between small and micro enterprises to compete with large corporation. Small micro enterprises R D cooperation with large corporations is greater than the independent R D returns; Cooperation R D between small and micro enterprises is not stable. And then put forward some reasonable suggestions.

国家社会科学“我国软件产业链整合优化研究”(13BJY075)；教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金“我国高新技术产业自主创新与产业集群协同发展”(12YJA790137)