Granger因果检验发现中国与美国的产业结构与科研投入表现出一致的规律性：研发强度的加大可以促进产业结构的高级化,而产业结构的变化却不是研发强度变化的原因；但是脉冲响应函数分析结果显示,中国的研发投入对产业结构的影响很小,而美国的研发投入能够对产业结构产生较为显著的持续影响。这说明,就对产业结构的影响来说,中国的研发投入效率不高。为此,在加大R D投入力度时需要注重提升其产出效率。

Granger causality test shows that it is same in China and in US that increasing R D intensity can promote the sophistication of industry structure and the changes of industry structure is not the reason of the change of R D expenditure. But result of impulse response function shows that China’s R D investment has little effect on industry structure but America’s R D investment can produce a persistent impact on industry structure. This shows that China’s R D investment is not efficient. To this end, while increasing R D investment, China should focus on improving the output efficiency.

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