首先通过使用文献分析法和半结构访谈法，形成了北京市居民民生科技需求库，并运用问卷调查法、因子分析和路径分析技术分析了339名北京市城区居民的数据，构建了包含四个领域（人口健康、生态环境、公共安全、城市管理）的北京市城区居民民生科技需求结构模型。该模型为探索民生科技需求的内容及结构提供了一种路径和方法。进而依据马斯洛需求层次理论，将民生科技需求分为3个层次（基本生存、舒适生活、永续发展），并构建基于需求层次的结构方程模型，探讨不同层次间的影响关系，为政府部门在发展民生科技工作中的决策提供方向性的参考。

Based on the results of literature analysis and semi-structured interviews, this article builds a science and technology demand database of Beijing residents. In order to verify the hypothesis, questionnaire, factor-analysis and path-analysis technique were used to analyze the data of 339 Beijing urban residents. The result shows that the structural equation model of Beijing urban residents’ demand contains four factors: public health, environment protection, public safety, and city administration. The findings offer a new path and method for the research of people’s demand for science and technology, both in content as well as construction. Then based on Maslow"s hierarchy of needs, this article builds another structural equation model and divides the model into three hierarchies, including Basic Survival, Comfortable Life, and Sustainable Development, and analyzes the relationship between the three hierarchies. The results will provide a reference for public administration decision-making.

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