我国科技项目立项方式包括同行评议、行业导向、市场导向、定向择优等,立项过程包含立项准备、立项论证、立项决策3个基本环节,存在机会不公平、程序不透明、决策不公开、三权不分离等问题,迫切需要改革科技项目立项制度。四川以省级“科技富民强县专项行动计划”项目为试点,提出了“过程阳光、评审公开、决策民主、全程监督”的科技项目立项开放式决策制度,初步实现了科技项目立项的权力法制化、管理制度化、工作程序化,但还需要建立科技诚信制度、配套政府购买服务、扩大公众参与程度、优化项目申报时间、建设信息管理平台、加强科技能力培训,进一步优化该制度。

In traditional decision-making system of science and technology projects, projects were determined by peer evaluation, industry or market orientation, and specified optimization. Preparation, argumentation and decision were necessarily included in the process of projects-decision. The present projects-decision system need to be reformed because many problems were existed such as unfair opportunity, non-transparent procedures, close-door decision and twisted powers of decision-making, execution and supervision. The Special Project of Fuming Qiangxian, which means both people and county become richer, was treated as pilot to construct a new open decision system of science and technology projects in Sichuan province. In this system, the whole processes of decision were exposed to society completely and evaluated openly. In addition, projects were determined democratically and supervised by the whole society. Although the new projects-decision system made many progresses in the legal, institutional and procedural process of exercising government power, it still need to construct credit system, complement government-purchased service, expand public participation, optimize project organization time, build information management platform, and strengthen technology training to optimize this system.

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四川省软科学研究计划项目“我国新时期科研体制机制改革和政策环境研究”(2013ZR0153)、四川省软科学研究计划项目“农业科技成果转化项目经济效益评价方法研究”(2013ZR0063)