管理也是一种共性技术——兼从国际比较视角论共性管理技术研发与推广

Management is also a generic technology—Study on the development and promotion of generic management technology from an international comparative perspective

摘要:

共性技术和关键技术研发是提高我国科技创新和自主创新水平与效率的重要途径。由于共性技术在多个领域和行业的外部性,使得其作为一种国家公共产品的供给不能完全依靠市场手段解决,政府的主导与支持是有效研发的关键。管理也是一种共性技术,在科技创新中发挥着服务性和支撑性的功能,研发共性管理技术是科技创新服务体系的重要内容。美英等发达国家历来都非常重视共性管理技术在国家创新体系中的作用,尽管国情与管理体制不同,但都建立了以“过程、任务、角色、产品”为核心,以“任务指南、操作模板、风险案例”等为辅助的共性管理技术体系。通过比较美、英两国参与和支持该领域发展的背景、过程、内容及成效,提出建立适合我国国情和组织管理现状的共性管理技术体系,重点论述政府在共性管理技术的功能定位、研发组织、服务平台、推广使用等环节中的功能与作用。

Abstract:

Research and development on generic technology and key technology is an important way to improve the level and efficiency of technology innovation and independent innovation in China. As the public product of one country, the generic technology is outside of any certain area or industry. Accordingly its supply system can not entirely rely on market, and then support from government becomes the key of effectively development. Management is also a generic technology, and plays the service and support function in technology innovation. Development of generic management technology is an important part of technology innovation service system. United States, Britain, and other developed countries have always attached great importance to the role of the generic management in the national innovation system. Despite the different national conditions and management system, all of these countries have established the generic management technology systems which take "process, tasks, roles, products" as the core, and "task guide, operating templates, risk case, etc" as the back-up. By comparing the background, processes, content and effectiveness during United States and Britain participate in and support the development of generic management technology, this paper proposed how to establish generic management technology to meet the current Chinese conditions and organizational management. The research focuses on the function and role of government in functional orientation, R