当前，我国正在推动新一轮科技体制改革，科技计划改革是其中的核心内容。借鉴国际医学科技项目管理的经验对实施医学领域相关科技计划改革具有积极的参考意义。本文调研分析了美国国家主导的医学科研项目管理的特点，从管理的组织架构、战略规划、项目分类管理及流程等方面进行特点分析，归纳其特点包括：医学科研管理主体相对独立、集中，专业性强；项目战略规划整体性强，不断调整完善；项目设立覆盖科研产业全链条；项目管理流程规范，管理高效、透明等。结合我国国情，参考国际医学科技计划项目管理特点，应尽快建立集中、高效、专业的项目管理机构或团队进行医学科研项目的专业化管理，在项目设置上充分考虑科研产业链的各个环节，注重转化，进一步规范细化项目管理流程，提高管理效率。

China is launching a new round of innovation of national science and technology (S&T) regime, with the core content is the reformation of management model of national research program. The international experiences of corresponding management model of medical research program can be served as the important reference. This study analyzed the characteristics of medical research program oriented by the government of U.S., ranging from organizational structure of management, strategic planning, categorical management and the procedure of the program, etc. The characteristics include: the quality of independence, concentration, high professionalism of medical research management bodies, integrity of program strategy planning with constant improvement, program establishment based on coverage of full chain of the research and industry, standardized management procedures, together with efficiency and transparency of management. China is urgent to establish concentrated, efficient, professional organizations for the professional management of medical research program, with the consideration of China’s actual conditions and the reference of international medical research program management characteristics. Each section of research industrial chain should be considered in program settings. Achievement transformation should be emphasized and program management procedure should be further regulated and specified, so as to promote managerial efficiency.

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中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会科技教育司委托“我国医学科技计划改革发展战略研究”课题（无编号）