Abstract:The civil-military integration is an important guiding ideology of the reform in China"s national defense science and technology industry. This paper selects "Ten military groups" owned, 63 domestic listed companies as samples. From the perspective of enterprise, this paper measures the technical efficiency of the samples by SFA model and applies LSDV method to empirically test the influencing factors of the technical efficiency. The results show that: the average technical efficiency of the samples is 0.459 only, but there is an average annual growth rate of 3%.The technical efficiency of a firm is proportional to the civil-oriented of its products and has significant regional disparity. Product differentiation, business scale,geographic region, market competition and changes in capital structures are good for promoting the technical efficiency of the civil-military integration firms, instead of the proportion of state ownership and ownership concentration. Besides, the impact of those influencing factors depends on the civil-oriented of its products.