在学科水平评估中引入基本科学指标（ESI）、自然指数（NI）等指标直接影响到我国世界一流大学、一流学科的建设效果。通过统一数据统计口径，从国家/地区、科研机构/大学、学科领域等角度比较分析ESI和NI指标的差异，根据统计结果分析两者对我国基础研究的导向，并提出相应的对策和建议。

Essential Science Indicators (ESI), Natural Index (NI) and other indicators are introduced in China Discipline Ranking. It is an important guiding role for the development direction in China, directly influence the construction effect of world-class universities and the first-class discipline in our country. This paper unifies the statistical data, and comparative analysis of the differences in ESI and NI index from the point of view of countries/regions, scientific research institutions and disciplines. The statistical results show the the orientation of basic research in our country, and corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward.

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科技部政策法规与监督司项目(2015JP03)