环境规制对产业结构升级的影响—基于中国沿海城市系统GMM的实证分析

The Influence of Environmental Regulation on the Upgrading of Industrial StructureS— Empirical Analysis Based on Systematic GMM in China"s Coastal Cities

摘要:

为了检验环境规制能否推动沿海地区产业结构升级,从正式环境规制与产业结构升级的非线性关系研究和非正式环境规制的直接影响入手,本文采用沿海33个城市2007-2016年动态面板数据构建计量模型,利用系统广义矩估计法进行检验。研究结果表明：沿海城市的环境规制与产业结构升级存在U型关系,拐点值为0.4452。当环境规制小于拐点值时抑制产业结构升级,当环境规制越过拐点值时促进产业结构升级。整个沿海地区环境规制已经越过拐点值。但是不同区域环境规制拐点值不同,其中东部沿海环境规制的拐点值最高。非正式环境规制中的人均收入水平和人力资本能够显著促进沿海产业结构升级,人口密度对产业结构升级具有负向作用,其显著性存在区域差异性。技术创新有效推动了沿海产业结构升级；外商投资阻碍了沿海产业结构升级,对北部和东部沿海的阻碍最明显；贸易水平对南部和东部沿海具有明显的负向影响。

Abstract:

In order to study whether environmental regulation can promote the upgrading of industrial structure in coastal areas, Starting with the study of the nonlinear relationship between formal environmental regulation and industrial structure upgrading and the direct impact of informal environmental regulation, This paper constructs an econometric model using dynamic panel data from 33 cities in coastal areas from 2007 to 2016, and uses the system generalized moment estimation method to test. The research results show that there is a U-shaped relationship between environmental regulation and industrial structure upgrading in coastal cities, and the inflection point is 0.4452.When the environmental regulation is less than the inflection point value, the industrial structure is upgraded, and the industrial structure is promoted when the environmental regulation crosses the inflection point value. Environmental regulation throughout the coastal area has crossed the inflection point. However, the inflection point values of environmental regulation in different regions are different, and the inflection point value of environmental regulation in the eastern coastal areas is the highest. Per capita income level and human capital in informal environmental regulation can significantly promote the upgrading of coastal industrial structure. Population density has a negative effect on industrial structure upgrading, and its distinctiveness has regional differences. Technological innovation has effectively promoted the upgrading of coastal industrial structure; foreign investment has hindered the upgrading of coastal industrial structure, and the obstacles to the northern and eastern coastal areas are the most obvious; the trade level has a significant negative impact on the southern and eastern coastal areas.