环境税与研发补贴政策组合的绿色技术创新诱导效应

Induction Effect of Carbon Tax and Research Subsidy Policy Mix to Clean-Technological Innovations

摘要:

本文研究了环境税与研发补贴的政策组合对绿色生产技术的创新诱导效应，分析了政策 组合对于环境和经济双重福利的影响。我们发现：环境税在一定条件下可发挥创新诱导效应， 即企业治污成本在总边际成本中所占的比例小于边际收益对总产量的弹性。研发补贴在任何情 况下都能发挥创新诱导效应，但其诱导效果随绿色生产技术的普及而降低。在专利授权制度和 古诺寡头竞争市场的条件下，存在使社会福利最优的环境税和研发补贴组合，且最优的环境税 率小于边际环境损失，最优的研发补贴为正值。环境税和研发补贴的政策组合不仅能够最大限 度的提升技术创新企业研发投入，从而更好地发挥绿色技术创新诱导效应，还能促进环境与社 会双重福利的增长。

Abstract:

This paper studies the innovation induction effect of carbon tax and R&D subsidy on clean technology under the premise of patent licensing system, and analyzes the impact of the policy combination of carbon tax and research and development subsidy on both environmental and economic benefits. We find that carbon tax can induce clean-technological innovations only when the enterprise's environmental external cost in the total marginal cost of the proportion is less than the marginal revenue elasticity of total output. R&D subsidies can induce innovations in any case, but the Induction Effect decreases with the increase in the prevalence of cleaner production technologies. Under the Cournot oligopoly competition market, the social benefit optimum can be achieved by the mix of carbon tax and research subsidy, and the optimal carbon tax rate is less than the marginal environmental loss, the optimal research subsidy is positive. The policy mix can not only maximize the input of innovation enterprises, so as to induce clean-technology innovation, but also increase both environmental and social benefits.