无人机在应急物流配送中任务分配模型的研究

Research on UAV Task Distribution Model in Emergency Logistics Distribution

摘要:

本文从宏观和微观两方面综述了无人机于物流领域中的研究现状，发现配送无人机在“最后一公里”应急物流配送中有较好的适用性，在此基础上结合自动穿梭车和配送无人机设计出一种新的无人化分拣出库模式。本文建立单源供应点模型，主要研究如何运用无人机以使得整个前线区域的最迟配送完成总时间最短，利用排序算法和贪婪搜索算法进行对照分析，得到一个较短配送完成总时间的结果,并基于贪婪搜索算法下探讨了采取不同载重量变化值对结果的影响，发现其值并非设置的越小越好，而是要根据空间内具体的配送网络而设置相应的载重量变化值。本文在考虑载重量会影响最大飞行速度的基础上，运用贪婪搜索算法推导出配送无人机进行双目标应急配送的较优解，与原来供应点用配送无人机只保障一个需求点目标相比，其总时间缩减率可达百分之七以上。

Abstract:

This article summarizes the research status of drones in the logistics field from both macro and micro aspects, and finds that delivery drones have better applicability in the "last mile" emergency logistics distribution. On this basis, combined with automatic shuttles And the distribution drone designed a new unmanned sorting and outgoing mode. This article establishes a single-source supply point model, mainly studying how to use drones to make the total delivery completion time of the entire frontline area the shortest, and use the sorting algorithm and the greedy search algorithm to compare and analyze, and get a shorter total delivery completion time，and based on the greedy search algorithm to explore the impact of different load changes on the results. It is found that the value is not set as small as possible, but should be set according to the specific distribution network in the space. Based on the consideration that the load capacity will affect the maximum flight speed, this article uses the greedy search algorithm to derive a better solution for the delivery drone for dual-target emergency delivery, which is comparable to the original supply point with a delivery drone that only guarantees one demand point target. In comparison, the total time reduction rate can reach more than 7%.