实现众创空间创新功能的机制设计

Mechanism Design to Realize Innovation Function of the Makerspace: A Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis Based on 63 Cases

摘要:

关于众创空间的现有研究大多关注内在主体(创客)或外部因素(诸政策支持、生态环境等),而对于众创空间本身的机制设计讨论却十分匮乏。基于创新生态系统治理视角,采用QCA与NCA混合方法,对浙江省63家众创空间的数据进行分析,探索众创空间的合理机制设计方案。结果表明：众创空间创新功能的发挥是多种运行机制协同作用的结果,其中平台服务功能、资源汇集通道、正式联结关系、成果共享文化是众创空间不可或缺的机制支撑,配合屏蔽外部资源提供者干预行为或构建包容试错的文化氛围,可以形成两条促进众创空间创新功能发挥的有效路径。

Abstract:

Most of the existing studies on makerspace focus on internal subjects (such as makers) or external factors (such as policy support, ecological environment, and more). There has been relatively little discussion on the design of a series of mechanisms of makerspace. This paper theorizes the operating mechanism for platform services, resource gathering, network connections and endogenous cultural protection for the maker-space. Based on the perspective of innovative ecosystem governance, this article adopts the method of mixing QCA and NCA to analyze data from 63 maker-spaces in Zhejiang Province. The study proposes a reasonable mechanism design scheme for maker-space. The results show that the innovativeness of a maker-space is the result of the synergistic effect of various operating mechanisms. Among them, the platform service function, the channel for gathering resources, the formal linkages, and the culture for sharing achievements are indispensable support mechanisms for maker-spaces. Two effective ways to promote innovation in maker-space are outlined, first, preventing interventions from external resource providers; second, building an inclusive culture of trial and error.