为避免陷入因高技术产业关键核心技术突破对产业关联的上游制造业新企业进入产生不利影响从而造成的创新驱动高质量发展窘境，尝试从行业层面探索高技术产业关键核心技术突破效应的外部性。利用我国30个省份高技术产业研发数据与中国工业企业微观数据，构造高技术产业关键核心技术突破的跳跃性量化指标，以分配系数衡量不同制造业与高技术产业之间的产业关联度，实证检验其如何影响新企业进入。结果发现：高技术产业关键核心技术突破不利于新企业进入，尤其是产业关联度高的上游企业，主要影响机制为使得产业关联度高的上游企业需求获取效率降低、技术转换频率增加，产生需求获取成本与技术转换成本吓阻效应；而且，中西部、高市场化水平的地区与低沉没成本、高规模经济的行业会受到更为显著的进入抑制作用，尤其长江经济带技术突破的新企业进入抑制力度远远高于样本总体平均水平。为了坚决推进关键核心技术攻关，同时筑牢实体经济发展根基，从优化重点区域高技术产业空间布局、鼓励新进企业与在位企业开展创造性合作、建设创新要素全国统一大市场和深化商事制度改革与行政审批改革等方面提出相应的政策建议。

In order to avoid falling into the dilemma of innovation-driven high-quality development caused by the negative impact of breakthroughs in key and core high-tech industrial technology on the entry of new enterprises in industry-related upstream manufacturing industry, this paper attempts to explore the externality of the effects of breakthroughs in key and core high-tech industrial technology from the industry level. Based on the research and development data of high-tech industry in 30 provinces of China and the micro-data of Chinese industrial enterprises, the leap-forward quantitative indicator of key and core technology breakthroughs in high-tech industry is constructed, and the industrial correlation between different manufacturing industries and high-tech industry is measured by the distribution coefficient, and how it affects the new enterprise entry is empirically tested. The results show that key and core technology breakthroughs in high-tech industry are not conducive to the entry of new enterprises, especially the upstream enterprises with high industrial correlation, and the main influence mechanism is to make the upstream enterprises with high industrial correlation less efficient in demand acquisition and more frequent in technology conversion, resulting in the deterrent effect of demand acquisition cost and technology conversion cost; moreover, the central and western regions and regions with high marketization level, industries with low sunk costs and high economies of scale are subject to more significant entry inhibition, especially in the Yangtze River Economic Belt where the new enterprise entry inhibition of technological breakthroughs is much higher than the overall average of the sample. In order to resolutely advance breakthroughs in core technologies in key fields, while building a solid foundation for the development of the real economy, corresponding policy recommendations are made in terms of optimizing the spatial layout of high-tech industry in key regions, encouraging creative cooperation between new entrants and incumbents, building a unified national market for innovation factors and deepening the reform of the commercial system and administrative approval.

F264.2；F273.1；F224；G301

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