国家实验室是体现国家意志、实现国家使命、代表国家水平的战略科技力量。本文在描述美国能源部国家实验室的管理运行机制的基础上,引入行动者网络理论,从社会学角度分析了国家实验室网络行动者构成和网络转译过程,阐释了行动者之间的互动关系及实验室网络利益联盟形成机制,并为中国国家实验室的管理运行提出了重视实验室人员核心行动者主导作用、强化所有行动者支撑作用、构建实验室多元化治理机制等对策建议。

The national laboratory is a strategic scientific and technological force that embodies the national will, realizes the national mission and represents the national level. On the basis of describing the management and operation mechanism of the United States Department of Energy National Laboratories, this paper introduces the theory of actor network, analyzes the composition of network actors and the network translation process of the National Laboratory from a sociological point of view, explains the interaction between actors and the formation mechanism of the interests alliance of the laboratory network, and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for the management and operation of China"s national laboratory, such as attaching importance to the leading role of the core actors of laboratory personnel, strengthening the supporting role of all actors, and building a diversified governance mechanism for laboratories.

国家科学技术部“科技创新战略研究专项”项目“适应新型科研项目组织模式的科技监督范式研究”(项目编号:ZLY202162)；2022年度北京市科学技术研究院市级财政科研及科普项目“国内外国家实验室建设对北京的借鉴研究”(项目编号:11000022T000000446802 )