科学数据成为继物质和能量之后的第三类资源,是重要的科技基础条件和国家战略资源。科学数据汇交作为科学数据管理的重要一环,是国家科技兴国、科研强国等计划的关键所在。本文调研分析了国家层面、省市层面以及重要机构的科学数据汇交情况,发现我国科学数据汇交以科技计划项目数据为主、科学数据汇交驱动模式走向多元化、科学数据汇交机制正在逐步建立以及科学数据汇交内容不断丰富等特征,现阶段我国科学数据汇交工作仍然存在一些问题,包括政策体系和长期投入机制尚待完善、科学数据管理载体建设尚待落实、科研工作者对科学数据汇交意识有待提高以及科学数据汇交质量需要加以约束。

Scientific data is a fundamental strategic resource for national scientific and technological innovation, and an important basis and foundation for scientific discovery and knowledge innovation. Scientific data collection, as an important part of scientific data management, is the key to national plans such as revitalizing the country through science and technology and strengthening scientific research. This article investigates and analyzes the scientific data collection situation at the national, provincial, and municipal levels, as well as important institutions. It is found that China"s scientific data collection is mainly based on science and technology plan project data, the driving mode of scientific data collection is becoming diversified, the mechanism of scientific data collection is gradually establishing, and the content of scientific data collection is constantly enriching. At present, there are still some problems in China"s scientific data collection work, The policy system and long-term investment mechanism need to be improved, the construction of scientific data management carriers needs to be implemented, scientific researchers" awareness of scientific data collection needs to be improved, and the quality of scientific data collection needs to be constrained.

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中国科学院武汉文献情报中心项目“数字资产管理”（E2ZG281003）；中国科学院文献情报能力建设专项项目“面向重大科技问题场景的智慧数据建设”（ E2290215）；中国科学院文献情报能力建设专项项目子课题“面向重大科技问题的开放数据资源建设” (E3KZ231001)。