企业发展、技术选择与中国出口企业的“生产率悖论”

Enterprise Development, Technological Selection and the

摘要:

经典的异质性企业贸易理论认为只有高效率的企业才会选择出口,然而,大量基于中国企业层面的经验研究却得出了与经典理论预期不一致的结论,即中国出口企业存在“生产率悖论”。这对新新贸易理论提出了挑战,如何对其进行有效的解释越来越受到重视。文章在异质性企业贸易理论的框架下,从企业发展的角度,通过引入技术选择,从理论上对中国出口企业的“生产率悖论”提供了一个较完整的解释。我们认为中国出口企业的“生产率悖论”只是企业在发展过程中由于面临资金限制而做出不同选择所导致出现的结果。这既为重构新新贸易理论的基本分析框架提供了一种新的思路,也为进一步深入研究中国企业生产率与出口之间的关系开拓了新的视角。

Abstract:

The classical trade theory of heterogeneous firms holds that only high-efficiency firms will choose to export, however, a large number of China-based firm-level empirical studies show that there are discrepancies between the existing phenomenon and the expected conclusion of the classical theory. This brings in new challenges to the “new-new” trade theory, leading to the ever-increasing attention on the efficiency of this very theory. Being conducted within the framework of the trade theory with heterogeneous firms, this paper tries to maintain an explanation for Chinese export firms" “productivity paradox" by looking into firms’ development and technological selection. It is believed that Chinese export firms’ "productivity paradox" comes due to the fact that firms have different choices in facing of financial difficulties. It is hoped that studies like this can not only provide a new way of thinking for the reconstruction of the basic analytical framework of the “new-new” trade theory, but also explore into a new perspective for further researches on the relationship between productivity and export of Chinese firms.