中小型高新技术企业国际化与企业绩效关系——基于福州高新区的实证检验

Relationship between performance and internationalization of high-tec SMEs. An Empirical Study of Fuzhou High-tech Zone

摘要:

中小企业的国际化,是反映中国企业国际化水平的重要内容。但目前以大型跨国企业为对象的国际化相关研究结论及规律认识难以适应于中小企业的特点。为了明确中小型科技企业国际化与企业绩效之间的关系,本文从理论上分析中小企业国际化程度对企业绩效的影响,并选取福州高新区475家中小科技企业进行统计检验以获得实证证据。研究结果表明,不同产业间的国际化具有显著差异性,而从事国际化的企业与国内企业在绩效表现上没有显著的差异。在控制产业及企业特征的情况下,样本中小企业国际化对绩效的影响呈现非线性的倒U型关系,且出口销售额占总销售额的比重ESR=41.07%时,达到国际化的最优水平。

关键词:国际化;企业绩效;产业特征;企业特征

Abstract:

The internationalization of SMEs is an import indicator of how much Chinese enterprises have integrated into global market. However, the current research findings and rules understanding of internationalization which targeted at large multinational enterprises are difficult to adapt to the features of SMEs. In order to analyze the relationship between internationalization of S T SMEs and enterprise performance, this paper theoretically analyzes the impact of degree of SMEs’ internationalization on performance, then it draws upon 475 SMEs in Fuzhou High-tech Zone to obtain empirical evidence. The results show that: the internationalization of different industries show significant difference, and the internationalization enterprises and domestic enterprises show no significant difference. When the features of industry and enterprise are controlled, the impact of sample SMEs internationalization on performance is nonlinear inverted U-shaped, and internationalization reaches optimal level when ESR=41.07%.

Key words:Internationalization; Enterprise performance; industry characteristics; enterprise characteristics