十字路口上的未来：基因专利问题研究

Future at The Crossroad: Research on Gene Patents

摘要:

基因技术一直游走在专利制度的边缘,当前基因专利已经走到历史的十字路口。2013年,美国最高法院最终在Myriad案中否定了分离基因的可专利性,某种程度上确立了摇摆多年的基因专利立场。而欧盟的基因专利问题在负重中前行,承认分离基因及基因检测技术可以授权。以欧美为代表的两种明显对立的基因专利立场背后,有深层的司法历史、政策考量等因素。为了达到促进技术、利益平衡和社会发展的目的,采用更高标准是基因专利的未来之路。

Abstract:

Gene technology is always walking on the edge of patent system, and nowadays gene patents have arrived at the historical crossroad. In 2013, US supreme court denied isolated gene’s patentability in Myriad case finally, so it has established gene patents stand to some extent which has swung years. But EU has to go forward with heavy burden in dealing with gene patents problem, and it admits isolated gene’s patentability. Behind these two different opinions represented by US and EU, there are deep judicial history, policy consideration and other factors. To promote technology, balance interests and develop society, the future of gene patents is to take higher standard.