治理雾霾的政策选择——基于庇古税和污染权的启示

Policy options for controlling haze–based on the inspiration of Pigouvian tax and pollution rights

摘要:

当前,我国环境污染问题突出,雾霾天气频发,且有范围扩大之势,严重影响了人民生活,对我国粗放式经济发展模式提出了严峻挑战,已引起政府的高度重视,同时也成了急需解决的问题。从西方治理雾霾的政策手段看,经济手段是必不可少的,而经济手段通常有两种不同的治理思路,即庇古税的征收和污染权交易。本文通过对两种思路的利弊进行比较分析,认为治理雾霾应采取混合策略,即以污染权的交易为主,当管理者对最优排放量误判而造成不良后果时,可以通过运用庇古税作为一种溢出机制来加以纠正。

Abstract:

At present, the problem of environmental pollution in China is outstanding. There is often occurs haze. And the scope of haze is gradually expanding. It has seriously affected on people’s life. It poses a tough challenge on China"s extensive economic growth mode at the same time. The Chinese government attaches great importance to these problems, it also became an urgent problem needed to resolve. According to the Western governance policy instruments, economic means is essential. There are usually two different ideas of governance, namely, Pigovian tax and pollution rights trading. Based on the comparative analysis of the pros and cons of the two approaches, this paper argues that mixed strategy management should be taken. It should be based on the pollution rights transaction. Using the Pigovian tax as an overflow mechanism for redress when managers make a error judgment on optimal emissions lead to adverse consequences.