Abstract:"Potter hypothesis" demonstrates the relationship between environmental regulation and technological innovation,which environmental regulation is conducive to scientific and technological innovation,however the short-term effect on technology innovation and environmental regulation is negative, and the long-term dynamic effect is positive. The paper verified the conduction mechanism of environmental regulation on agricultural science and technology in agriculture innovation used by the productive data in Anhui Province, and compared with the Potter hypothesis, and analysis the cause of this.This paper developed a lagged variable regression model which verified the conductive mechanism and its effect on environmental regulation on science and technology innovation,and estimation results of the model show that environmental regulation is conducive to innovation of agricultural science and technology which is consistent with the Potter hypothesis,however, unlike the Potter hypothesis, the short-term effect of environmental regulation is positive,and the long-term dynamic effect (lag 1,2,3)is also positive .This paper analyzes the causes of the differences from the complexity of the subject of science and technology innovation and the different technology innovation process in agriculture. In the condition of agricultural pollution, the government must face the environmental problems,take the initiative to conduct the innovation of scientific and technological , and improve the quality and competitiveness of the product in order to achieve the maximization of social welfare and social economic benefits.