人力资本与全要素能源效率

Human Capital and Total-Factor Energy Efficiency

摘要:

承载了技术进步的人力资本对于作为经济发展方式转变缩影的全要素能源效率的影响是一个有待探讨的问题。本文以1997-2012年省际面板数据为样本,使用DEA-Malmquist指数法测算分解包含非合意产出的全要素能源效率,基于人力资本多个视角,运用面板Tobit模型检验人力资本对全要素能源效率的影响方向与作用程度。研究表明,总体而言,样本期内全要素能源效率呈“W”型变动趋势,并表现为东部、西部、中部依次递减；人力资本水平、人力资本投资、人力资本配置结构的作用并不相同,前者抑制而后两者促进了全要素能源效率提升；人力资本空间结构优化有助于全要素能源效率改善,这在中西部尤为突出。

关键词:人力资本;全要素能源效率;DEA-Malmquist指数;面板Tobit模型

Abstract:

Weather human capital as a source of technological progress can affect energy efficiency, which is microcosm of the transformation of economic development patterns, is a question remains to be discussed. Based on 1997-2012 panel data of provinces in China, the paper selects the DEA-Malmquist index method to measure and decompose the total-factor energy efficiency with undesirable outputs. Based on the multidimensional perspective of human capital, the paper uses the panel Tobit regression model to empirical study the influence of the human capitalSto the total-factor energy efficiency. The empirical results show that the total-factor energy efficiency, which Eastern region is greater than the Western region more than the central region changes with “W” type in the sample period. Human capital level hinders the total-factor energy efficiency; human capital allocation structure and human capital investment, promote the total-factor energy efficiency. In the central and western region, narrowing the level of human capital can improve the total-factor energy efficiency.

Key words:Human Capital; Total-Factor Energy Efficiency; DEA-Malmquist Index; Tobit Panel Data Model