外商直接投资、产业内技术溢出与碳排放强度——基于不同耗能产业组的比较研究

FDI, Intra-industry Technology Spillover and Intensity of Carbon Emissions：Comparative study between different energy-intensive industries

摘要:

提高能源利用技术是实现我国碳减排目标的重要途径,FDI的技术溢出效应不可忽视。本文以1999-2012年我国37个工业行业为样本,在STIRPAT模型的基础上构建双向固定效应面板数据模型,实证检验FDI对碳排放强度影响的直接效应和产业内技术溢出效应,并划分高耗能产业组和低耗能产业组进行比较研究。研究发现,样本期内,我国工业行业碳排放强度呈逐年下降趋势,其中高耗能产业组下降幅度较为显著；FDI对碳排放强度降低产生了积极的影响；与低耗能产业组相比,高耗能产业组FDI的技术溢出效应更大；在技术溢出路径上,FDI主要是通过降低工业行业能源强度从而对碳排放强度发挥作用,但能源结构这一渠道效果并不明显。

Abstract:

To improve the technology of energy utilization is an important way to achieve the carbon reduction goal of China government. The technology spillover of FDI cannot be ignored. This paper treats 37 industries of China from 1999 to 2012 as sample, and constructs two-way fixed panel data model on the base of STIRPAT to make empirical study of the direct effect and intra-industry technology spillover effect of FDI on the intensity of carbon dioxide emissions. Furthermore, it also makes comparative study between different energy-intensive industries. The results show that in this period, the intensity of carbon dioxide emissions of China industries reveals declining tendency, and high energy-consuming industries decline more notably. FDI has a positive impact on carbon intensity reduction. Compared with low energy-intensive industries, high energy-intensive industries have more technology spillover effect. About the path of FDI technology spillover, the energy intensity is the main way while energy structure is weak.