测土配方施肥补贴效果及补贴地区优先序——基于农业技术效率视角

Effect of Soil Testing and Formula Fertilizer Subsidy and Subsidy Region Priority——from the Perspective of Agricultural Technical Efficiency

摘要:

利用我国28个省市测土配方施肥补贴统计数据,在考虑环境和政策因素下,通过四阶段DEA-Tobit模型测算了补贴对农业技术效率的影响和补贴地区优先序。研究结果表明,(1)农户家庭人均纯收入这个环境变量对技术效率有正向影响；(2)在控制这个环境变量后,我国农业技术效率整体虽有所提高,但还存在投入不足；(3)在Ⅰ、Ⅱ类区域补贴能够促进技术效率的提高,而在Ⅲ、Ⅳ类区域补贴对技术效率影响不大；(4)“八大”区域技术效率排序为：东北地区>黄河中游地区>长江中游地区>北部沿海地区>西北地区>西南地区>南部沿海地区>东部沿海地区。因此提出补贴资金应倾向于Ⅰ、Ⅱ类区域的战略。

Abstract:

Based on our 28 cities formulated fertilizer subsidy data, the paper estimates the effect of subsidy on agricultural technical efficiency and subsidy region priority using a four-stage DEA-Tobit method in consideration of the environment and policy factors. The results are as follows: firstly, farmers’ average income per householder has positive effect on technical efficiency; secondly, after controlling the environment variable, although our total technical efficiency increases, the investment deficiency exists; thirdly, the subsidy has a positive impact on improving the technical efficiency in Ⅰ-class and Ⅱ-class areas, but it has little impact on the technical efficiency in Ⅲ class and Ⅳ class areas; finally, the sequence of the technical efficiency in “eight-type”region is northeast region> middle Yellow River region> middle Yangtze River Region> northern coast region> northwest region> southwest region> southern coast region> east coast region. Therefore, the paper proposes subsidies should be tended toⅠ-class and Ⅱ-class areas.