本研究根据联合国统计委员会SNA对知识产权产品的定义,借助模糊优选模型和战略性新兴产业分类标准筛选出对之相对应的产业分类,进而利用海关商品编码得到可贸易的知识产权产品,发现：(1)入世后,中国对日本和韩国知识产权产品贸易逆差不断扩大,到2010年甚至超过了全部贸易的逆差额,2011年中国对日本、韩国的知识产权贸易出口额和进口额之比分别为1:2和1:3,其中对日本和韩国出口额约为613亿美元和394亿美元,进口额分别为1216亿美元和1208亿美元；(2)文化类产品、电子计算机类产品和软件对我国贸易均衡发挥了重要作用,这与我国大力发展文化产业的政策导向是分不开的,但产品附加值仍然相对较低；(3)从日韩的进口逐渐从集成电路和化工原料向更为多元的液晶显示板、集成电路、数控机床、挖掘机、纺织设备转变,这意味着我国的战略性新兴产业还处在追赶阶段,需要加强政府的政策保护,提升产业自身的技术水平。需要指出的是,2011年,仅液晶显示板和集成电路,韩国对我国的贸易顺差高达473亿元,约占全部贸易顺差额的60%。因此,对于绝对弱势地位的中国而言,无论是在关税减免还是在非关税壁垒方面,都应该得到更多的保护,从而让中日韩自贸区协定真正实现多赢。

.According to the definition of intellectual property product given by SNA and the strategic emerging industries classification criteria made by National Bureau of Statistics, this paper have figured out the corresponding industry classification with the method of fuzzy optimization; and then, we can get the list of intellectual property trade by making use of the customs commodity codes and we found that: (1) In terms of the IP product trade, the China’s trade deficit with Japan and Korea is becoming more obvious as China became the member of WTO. The deficit of IP product trade is getting more than the total trade deficit in 2010. When came to 2011, the ratio of exports of IP product to Japan and imports from Japan are 1:2, this ratio for Korea are 1:3. The exports to Japan and South Korea is about $ 61.3 billion and $ 39.4 billion, while imports were $ 121.6 billion and $ 120.8 billion; (2) Cultural products, computer products and Software has played an important role in maintaining the balance of China’s trade, which is related to the policy orientation of developing the cultural industry; however, the exports of IP product are still low value-added relatively.(3) Imports from Japan and South Korea gradually from integrated circuits and chemical raw materials to a more diverse LCD panels, integrated circuits, CNC machine tools, excavators, textile equipment change, which means that China"s strategic emerging industries is still in catch-up phase. As a result, it’s necessary to make policy to encourage the enterprises strengthening research and development. It should be noted that, in 2011, only the LCD panel and integrated circuits, South Korea on China"s trade surplus up to 47.3 billion yuan, accounting for 60% of total trade surplus. In a word, China is definitely in a weak position in the negotiations of FTA. In order to realize win-win, China should get more protection whether in tariff reduction or non-tariff barriers.

中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助