农业发展中技术和制度因素的作用机制研究——以上海市为例

Mechanism of Technical and Institutional Factors in Agricultural Development: Case of Shanghai

摘要:

文章利用新古典增长理论,证明在劳动、技术、制度均为外生变量的条件下,上海农业发展主要依靠技术和制度的作用,这两个因素具有独立性。通过偏离-份额分析,将技术和制度对促进上海农业劳动生产率的作用程度进行分解。结果表明,1978-2013年间,技术因素的作用强于制度因素的作用,并且只有当制度和技术的作用强度相互匹配时,农业才能实现快速发展。进而,按照“五年规划”分时段测算,发现制度创新是技术创新的先决条件,技术进步有赖于制度条件的改变。上海要加快实现农业现代化,文章认为应加强科技创新和制度创新,并要培育新型职业农民。

Abstract:

By applying the neoclassical growthStheory, it is demonstrated that agricultural development in Shanghai depends mainly on technology and institution, which these two factors are independent,under the conditions that labor, technology and institution are all exogenousSvariables. The extent of role of technology and institution facilitating the growth of agricultural labor productivity in Shanghai is decomposed by using shift-share model. The results show that, during 1978-2013, the role of technology is stronger than that of institution. And, only the intensity of role of institution is compatible to that of technology, can the rapid development of agriculture been achieved. Furthermore, from the calculation of each“Five-Year Plan” respectively, it is found that institutional innovation is a prerequisite for technological innovation and technological progress depends on change of institutional conditions. It is proposed that skill training of farmers shall be strengthened, technology Innovation and institutional innovation shall be promoted further, in order to accelerate the pace of agricultural modernization in Shanghai.