北京市政府采购促进科技成果转化的实证分析

An empirical study on Beijing’s government procurement promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements--based on the perspective of the high-tech talents

摘要:

我国政府提出实施创新驱动发展战略,强调科技成果转化对提高社会生产力以及推动经济转型的重要意义。本文利用北京市GDP、社会固定资产投资及劳动力数量得出反映科技成果转化水平的技术进步率,建立向量自回归模型(VAR),对北京市政府采购额、高技术产业科技活动人员和技术进步率三个变量的动态关系进行实证分析。研究表明,北京市政府采购对技术进步率和科技活动人员增加的贡献度分别达20.78%、40.28%,科技活动人员增加对技术进步率的贡献度达15.82%。可见,政府采购科技创新产品,可促进科技成果转化,推动科技创新；通过引进高技术人才,优先采购本国服务,将对科技创新产生显著推动作用。为此,北京市政府应提高本国科技产品采购比重,将取得我国永久居留权的国外人才纳入本国服务提供者的自然人范畴,以记点积分系统、移民职业清单制度创造更优越的环境引进国外高技术人才,推动我国科技创新成果的转化。

关键词:政府采购;科技成果转化;科技活动人员;向量自回归模型;政策建议

Abstract:

China government has put forward the strategy of Innovation Driven Development, emphasizing that the transformation of scientific and technological achievements is of great importance to improve the social productivity and promote the transformation of economy. This paper firstly measures the technological progress rate, representing the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, using the data of GDP in Beijing, total social fixed assets investment and labor. Then, a vector auto regression (VAR) empirical model is established to analyze the dynamic relationship of three variables: Beijing’s government procurement, scientific and technological personnel in high-tech industry and technical progress rate. The empirical results show Beijing’s government procurement has contributed to the increasing of technical progress rate and scientific and technological personnel respectively by 20.78% and 40.28%, the increasing of scientific and technological personnel has contributed to the increasing of technical progress rate by 15.82%. So it is concluded that government procurement in innovation product can improve the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, promoting the scientific and technology innovation. Besides, introducing high-tech immigration talents and making procurement of domestic service in priority could also significantly promote the scientific and technological innovation. Therefore, Beijing government should increase the percentage of procurement in domestic technical production, include the foreign talents, who obtain the permanent residency in China, into the category of natural person providing national service, create superior environment to attract foreign talents by points based system and Immigrating Skilled Occupation List system, so as to promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.

Key words:government procurement; transformation of scientific and technological achievements; active scientific and technological personnel; Vector Auto Regression model; policy recommendations