基于熊彼特创新视角的再工业化作用机制研究

The Mechanism of Reindustrialization: Based on the Perspective of Schumpeter Innovation

摘要:

2008年金融危机以来,美国实施再工业化战略以重振实体经济,德国出台“工业4.0”计划进一步加强工业竞争力,而我国工业发展方式也亟需从投资与要素驱动向创新驱动转型。文章对美国再工业化战略、德国“工业4.0”计划进行系统分析与解构,发现其理论基础在于熊彼特创新。通过对熊彼特创新理论的重新阐释,研究了熊彼特创新对再工业化的作用机理,认为其关键在于产品、技术、组织、市场、原料五维创新改变技术—经济范式,对工业进行“创造性毁灭”,实现工业的转型升级,进而构建了一个包涵五维创新、动态传导机制、“三位一体”支撑体系的再工业化理论框架。鉴于此,中国应从技术研发、开发清洁能源、培育企业家精神、完善金融市场、建立包容性制度等方面再造工业,向创新驱动发展模式转型。

关键词:熊彼特创新;技术—经济范式;创造性毁灭;再工业化

Abstract:

Since the 2008 financial crisis, the United States implemented reindustrialization strategy to revive the real economy, Germany introduced "Industrie4.0 program to strengthen industrial competitiveness, while China has entered a crucial stage from investment-driven and factor-driven to innovation-driven. The paper systematically analysis and deconstruction the United State reindustrialization strategy, the German "Industrie4.0 theoretical framework of reindustrialization, which includes five-dimensional innovation, dynamic transmission mechanism, "Trinity" support system. In view of this, China should begin from the technology research and development, the development of clean energy, cultivate the entrepreneurial spirit, perfecting the system of financial markets, establishing inclusive institutions to achieve the reconstruction of industry, implement the transition to innovation-driven development model.

Key words:Schumpeter innovation;techno-economic paradigm;creative destruction;reindustrialization