环境压力视角下中国地区工业生态效率的异质性

Study on the Heterogeneity of China

摘要:

在保持工业发展的同时,如何减少环境资源消耗和污染排放,已成为中国可持续发展进程中面临的重大议题。本文将经济单元在工业生产过程中的资源消耗或环境污染排放定义为“环境压力”,以工业用水总量、工业煤炭消耗总量、工业COD排放总量和工业S02排放总量4类环境压力指标为投入,以各省的工业生产总值为产出,构建DEA模型测算了2006—2012年中国30个省份的5类工业生态效率指数,并考察IEE的地区异质性特征和动态演化过程。研究发现：2006-2012年间,中国各省份工业生态效率偏低,还存在巨大的资源节约与污染减排潜力；不同省份及三大地区工业生态效率差异明显,东部地区的表现明显优于中西部；样本期内,5类工业生态效率指数均展现出较为明显的波动特征,但提升幅度都非常小。最后,结合分析结果,给出了相关的结论和政策建议。

Abstract:

s: How to reduce resource consumption and environment pollution while maintaining high industrial growth, which has become an important issue faced in the course of China’s realizing sustainable development. Defining natural resource consumption and environmental pollution emissions in the process of industrial production as the and regarding total industrial water, industrial coal consumption, industrial COD emissions and industrial S02 emissions as inputs, provincial industrial gross output as output, this paper proposes the DEA model of eco-efficiency to evaluate China"s 30 provinces’ 5 types of industrial eco-efficiency (IEE) indexes for the period of 2006-2012, and investigate the regional differences of each IEE indexes. Empirical results show that China"s provicial industrial ecological efficiency is generally low with large potential of resource conservation and pollution reduction. There exists significant regional differences among China’s provinces and three major areas, eco-efficiency of the east is much higher than that of the central and the west significantly. In the sample period, 5 kinds of IEE indexes fluctuate significantly, while their improvement degrees are all small. Finally, based on empirical results, the paper puts forward relevant conclusions and policy implication.