Abstract:Based on the theoretical mechanism from fiscal expenditure and agricultural FDI to agricultural science and technology, this paper has analyzed the influence from fiscal expenditure and agricultural FDI to agricultural science and technology, used the data of 13 provincial units from 2000 to 2013 by OLS regression and quantile regression. The result is that fiscal expenditure and agricultural FDI are the key factors to the agricultural science and technology, and the researcher input, the level of rural financial development, including its structure, size and efficiency, the rural investment of fixed asset and agricultural level of human capital are related to the agricultural science and technology. At the same time, the difference exists in the different sub-site, and the province has a bigger influence from the change of fiscal expenditure and agricultural FDI, which has a faster agricultural science and technology. The influence from researcher input and the rural investment of fixed asset to agricultural science and technology is stable in any sub-site, and the influence from the level of rural financial development, including its structure, size and efficiency, and agricultural level of human capital is changed in different sub-site.