基于零部件专用技术研发的多重均衡问题

Multiple Equilibria of R&D Based on Proprietary Technology of Component

摘要:

考虑专用技术研发下由单个供应商和单个制造商组成的二级供应链多重均衡问题，其中供应商和制造商均对零部件进行研发，进而建立了独立研发和联合研发模型。通过分析比较这两种模型下的最优决策和均衡收益，得出多重均衡产生的条件及均衡间的变动关系等相关结论。结果表明，在零部件初始单位成本、需求价格弹性等满足一定的条件下，零部件供应商和产品制造商的研发努力水平会出现多重均衡解，并且二者会根据对方的研发努力水平进行调整；在不同条件下，零部件供应商和产品制造商会选择不同的研发方式。

Abstract:

The paper studies multiple equilibria of R&D efforts in a two-echelon supply chain consisting of a supplier and a manufacture. Both the manufacturer and the supplier invest in reducing the unit production costs of the component. We establish independent R&D model and joint R&D model, respectively. By solving the problems with the two cases, we obtain the optimal solution and compare them. The results show that when the initial unit production cost of component, price elasticity of demand, etc. satisfy certain condition, there exists multiple equilibria of R&D efforts of the supplier and manufacture which adjusted according to each other. Under different conditions, the manufacturer and the supplier choose different R&D modes.