美国专利审查中众包模式的应用及启示

Application of Crowdsourcing in the Government Patent Review of USA and Enlightenments to China

摘要:

传统商业管理领域的众包延伸发展到政府管理领域，催生了政府前所未有的变革力量。美国的“同行评议专利”项目将专利审查公共任务进行众包，对美国政府专利审查中众包模式应用的背景、程序和效果予以论述，集中分析了我国政府专利审查中现有技术信息不足的问题，从三个方面得到启示：开放政府是众包模式应用的基础环境，协同治理是众包模式应用的模式再造，集体智慧是众包模式应用的实质内核。

关键词:众包，“同行评议专利”，开放政府，协同治理，集体智慧

Abstract:

The crowdsourcing in the traditional commercial management extends to the field of government management and brings about the unprecedented change. Peer-to-patent project makes the public task of patent review crowdsourced. The background, procedure and effect of crowdsourcing in patent review of USA can be analyzed. Based on the problem of lack of the existing technical information in patent review of China, the enlightenments can be concluded as followings: First, the open government is the basic environment of the crowdsourcing in patent review. Second, collaborative governance is the pattern reconstruction of the crowdsourcing in patent review. Finally, collective intelligence is the virtual inner core of the crowdsourcing in patent review.

Key words:crowdsourcing, peer-to-patent, open government, collaborative governance, collective intelligence