中美欧日韩农业支持水平及政策结构比较分析

Comparing and analyzing on levels and structure of agricultural support policy amongst China, America, EU, Japan and Korea

摘要:

本文采用OECD政策体系,从时间维度对比分析了美国、欧盟、日本、韩国及我国2003-2012年农业支持政策支持水平及结构变化规律。研究结果有利于比较发现我国农业支持政策存在的不足,并借鉴发达国家或地区的经验,为调整、优化我国农业支持政策提供参考。研究结果表明,我国农民得到政府的政策支持相对较少,且我国农业的产出没有正向地用于对农业的投入；我国农业支持是以PSE政策为主,而在PSE政策中主要是以MPS为主,且使用比例还在不断上升。结合各国农业支持政策经验和中国农业发展现状,建议减少公共储备、MPS等方面的支持,继续加大农业支持总量,适当增加PI和基础设施等方面的政策支持。

Abstract:

Utilizing the agricultural policy system of OECD, this paper compares and analyzes the change rule of the level and structure for agricultural support policy amongst the United States, the European Union, Japan, Korea and China in 2003-2012 from the time dimension. The results of the research are beneficial to find out the insufficient of agricultural support policy in China, and learn from the experience of the developed countries or regions in order to provide a reference for the adjustment and optimization of agricultural support policy in China. The research results show that the farmers get the government"s policy support is relatively small, and the output of our country"s agriculture doesn"t be used for agricultural input positively. China"s agricultural support mainly uses PSE policy, especially MPS, which proportion used is still rising. Combined with the experience of agricultural support policy in developed countries and the current situation of agricultural development in china, it is recommended to reduce the agricultural support of public reserves and MPS, continue to increase the amount of agricultural support, and appropriately increase the agricultural support level for PI and infrastructure.