能源强度是国家对地区实施“能源双控”的一个重要指标。本文利用DEA-SBM模型测度了地区间的最优能源强度其及能源强度缺口,并分别估计了东部、中部、西部及全国能源强度缺口的决定因素。结果发现：2003-2014年间,我国地区的能源强度缺口逐年缩小；各因素填补作用的差异化是能源缺口的区域差异性形成的原因,技术水平、经济水平、产业结构具有缩小对各地区能源强度缺口作用,而要素禀赋、政府支出具有扩大对各地区能源强度缺口的作用。为了实现地区能源强度的最优化,国家在“十三五”期间要采取“提升东部地区产业结构水平,减少中部地区政府财政支出,提升西部地区技术生产水平”的区域性措施。

Energy intensity is an important indicator for a country to implement the policy of "energy dual control". This paper uses data envelopment analysis (SBM) to evaluate the optimal value and the gap of energy intensity of provincial region of China during 2003-2014, and separately estimate the determinants of the eastern, central, western and national energy intensity gap. It finds that the energy intensity gap of regions of China decreases year by year; The reason of energy gap regional discrepancy formed is the factors to fill the role of differentiation, technological level, economic level, industrial structure—pose positive impacts on energy intensity gap. Meanwhile, factors, factor endowments and government’s expenditure, negatively fill that role. In order to optimize the energy intensity ,regional diversified measures ought to be taken in 13th Five-Year-Plan period of China. Regional measures such as optimizing industrial structure of the east, diminishing governments’ financial expenditure of the midland and improving technological level of the west.

国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目）