基于动态演化博弈的企业技术创新均衡策略研究

Research on Equilibrium Strategies of Enterprise Technological Innovation Based on Evolutionary Game Theory

摘要:

企业技术创新是解决环境污染和经济增长矛盾的根本所在,成为实现环境保护和经济发展“双赢”的有效途径。政府环境规制、企业技术创新和公众环境参与是相互影响和制约的利益关系,因此,探究三方利益相关者对企业技术创新行为的影响成为学者研究的重要课题。本文从演化经济学的视角,运用动态演化博弈理论,构建政府、企业和公众的三方博弈模型,根据演化的仿生学研究,引入Lotka-Volterra模型求稳态均衡解,探究环境利益相关者的规制行为对企业技术创新策略的演化影响,并利用Matlab通过数值模拟进行检验,结果表明:环境规制与企业技术创新战略选择是一场混合战略均衡的博弈过程。企业、政府和公众的行为决策受其收益和成本的大小影响,利益相关方的环保措施在一定程度上会促进技术创新。因此,应恰当选择政府环境规制手段和强度水平,合理规划规制成本,不断提高公众环保意识,强化环境监管,促使企业以环保为己任,实施技术创新策略,减少环境污染。

Abstract:

Technological innovation has become the basic instrument in the process of solving the contradiction between environmental pollution and economic growth. This innovativeness has been the fundamental way to achieve a “win-win” situation between environmental protection and economic development. Hence, exploration and research of the influence of these three parties on innovative activities is an important issue catching the attention of scholars. From the perspective of evolution economics, based on the dynamic evolutionary game theory, tripartite game model of government, enterprises and the public was constructed to do theoretical analysis. According to bionic research of evolution, this paper introduced the Lotka-Volterra model to explore and research the influence of regulating behaviors of environmental stakeholders to technology innovation strategy. Using the tool of Matlab, this paper carried out numerical analysis. It is found that environmental regulation and the choice of enterprise technological innovation strategy is a game process of mixed strategy equilibrium. Decision-making behavior of enterprise, government and the public is influenced by its benefits and costs Environment protection from stakeholders to a certain extent will promote the technology innovation. Therefore, government should choose reasonable environmental regulatory measures and level, lower the cost of environment regulation, and the public should improve environmental awareness and strengthen environmental supervision, to prompt enterprise take environmental protection as their own mission and implement technological innovation strategy to reduce environmental pollution.