技术引进与我国高技术产业升级关系的实证研究

The empirical analysis on the relationship between the technology import and high-tech industries’ upgrading in China

摘要:

高科技产业及其产业升级直接关系到未来中国的国家竞争力。但是发展中国家包括中国企业的技术引进对产业升级的促进效果始终差强人意。本文在使用因子分析方法综合测度高技术产业升级指标基础之上，利用我国三大经济区域2004-2012年期间高技术产业五大行业的面板数据，实证研究了产业种类属性和产业所处地区变量在高技术产业技术引进和高技术产业升级之间的调节关系。研究发现技术引进总体上促进了我国高科技产业升级，但是对产业升级的实际效果取决于高技术产业所属的具体产业属性以及高科技产业所处的具体地域位置。技术引进对医疗仪器设备及仪器仪表制造业产业升级效果最佳，技术引进对电子及通讯设备，航空航天器和医药制造业的产业升级效果不显著。技术引进对中部地区的高技术产业升级效果最佳，西部和东部地区效果次之。技术引进对高技术产业升级的效果在东部地区体现了经济学“边际报酬递减”效应。最后根据实证研究的结果，提出了相应对策建议。

Abstract:

The high technology industry and its upgrading should significantly influence the future China’s national competitiveness.But the effect of technology import on industrial upgrading is not good in China.Using panel data from 2004 to 2012 of five sub-industries in high technology industry and the data of three economic regions of our country, based on factor analysis method to measure the degree of high technology industrial structure upgrading, this paper empirically analyzes the moderator effect of specific type of high technology industry and the moderator effect of high technology geography location’s on the relationship between the technology import and high technology industries upgrading. This paper finds that the technology technology import has significantly advanced the high-tech industries’ upgrading.The real accurate effect of the advance is depend on the specific high-tech industry’s type and its geography location . Empirical Analysis Shows that the medical equipment and instrumentation manufacturing industry’s upgrading are significantly advanced by the technology import, but the electron and communication equipment, aviation spacecraft , pharmaceutical manufacturing industry’s upgrading are not significantly advanced. The degree of the advance by the technology on the high-tech industries’ upgrading in middle china is ranked first , and then the east region be second and the west region be last. The import technology effect on high -tech industry upgrading exhibited economic law ‘marginal revenue decreasing’ in east China. Based on the empirically result, this paper puts forwards some suggestions for Chinese high-tech firms.