科学共同体在科学传播中的伦理责任

The Ethical Responsibilities of Scientific Community for Science Communication

摘要:

科学传播是科学知识、科学方法、科学精神和科学意识在科学共同体内部及与社会之间的扩散与再建构过程。科学传播伦理探讨的哲学基础有科学实在论转向科学建构论,科学功用与科学精神的背离,公众理解科学由缺失模型转向民主模型。科学共同体在科学传播中负有“保证科学成果信息的真实性与透明性；客观公正地传播科学成果的价值和社会影响；尊重公众实际理解能力,适度简化对科学知识的表述”等伦理责任。

关键词:科学共同体;科学传播;公众理解科学;传播伦理

Abstract:

Science communication is a process of science knowledge, science methods, science spirit and science consciousness being diffused and reconstructed among scientific communities and between scientific community and society. The philosophical context in which science communication is discussed is that scientific realism has been turning to scientific constructivism, applications of science has been deviating from the science ethos, the mode of public understanding of science has been changing from deficit model to democratic model. The scientific communities have some ethical responsibilities in science communication: to guarantee the authenticity and transparency of scientific information in communication, to disseminate the values and social influences of scientific results impersonally and impartially, to spread science knowledge by appropriate simplification in order to respect the public"s different understanding.

Key words:Science community; Science communication; Public understanding of science; Communication ethics