当代知识论在科学理解问题上的反思

Contemporary Epistemology Reflections on the Problem of Scientific Understanding

摘要:

日常语境下,我们常常将科学与知识相等同,但实际上它们有着截然不同的内涵。知识意味着一种事实,而科学则通常建立在一些理想化模型、假说等的基础之上,科学的见解在更多情况下并不是事实。较之知识论对知识的定义和对知识价值的褒扬,科学的非事实性特征表明了它与知识的本质区别,如此,科学的价值似乎也远低于知识。然而,这一结论显然与实际不符。从理解入手来思考知识论问题,不仅可以促使我们对知识的价值问题做出深刻的反思,而且也可以论证出,科学所基于的非事实性的理解,同样是一种重要的认知价值。

Abstract:

In common context, we usually equivalent to science and knowledge, but, in fact, they have very different connotations. Knowledge means a fact, but science is usually based on some idealized models, hypothesis views etc. Scientific ideas in more cases are not true. Compared with the definition of knowledge and the praise of the value of knowledge of epistemology, the non factual feature of science shows that it is essentially different from knowledge, the value of science also seems to be far lower than the knowledge. However, this conclusion is obviously inconsistent with the facts. To think about epistemological problems from the start to understanding, can not only promote a profound reflection to the value of knowledge, but argument that the non-factual understanding of science is also an important epistemic value.