Abstract:Considering the actual situation of China carbon emission and the supply system of carbon emission under the Supply-side reform, the paper prosed that the China carbon emission initial rights allocation should pay high attention to the three pairs of equilibrium relationships which conclude supply and demand, region and industries, equity and efficiency. The indexes of carbon emission initial rights were constructed based on the three pairs of equilibrium relationships. As the interval number can measure different development level of the regions, the model of carbon emission initial rights allocation was constructed based on the projective interval. The allocation of carbon emission initial rights in the North China is calculated in 2020. Comparing the result of the paper to the result that based on historical emissions, we can get the following conclusions. Firstly, based on the allocation result of the model, we can find that the Shanxi province get the most carbon emission, the following are Inner Mongolia, Hebei province and Tianjin, Beijing get the least carbon emission. Secondly, the allocation will promote the efficiency of energy saving and emission reduction in the regions. Moreover, the allocation has laid a solid foundation for carbon emission trading.