基于我国碳减排实际状况和供给侧改革下碳权供给体系的考虑,提出我国碳排放初始权配置中应重点关注三对均衡关系的处理,即供给与需求均衡、区域与行业均衡、公平与效率均衡。在此视角下设计碳排放初始权配置指标体系,以区间数衡量省区未来的不同可能发展水平,建立基于区间投影的省区碳排放初始权配置模型。对具有典型代表的华北地区2020年碳排放初始权分配进行实证研究,并将分配结果与基于历史排放的配置结果进行对比,得出如下研究结论：2020年华北地区的碳排放初始权配置中,山西省配置量最大,其次是内蒙古自治区和河北省、天津市,北京地区配置最少,配置结果符合各省区的实际情；配置模型将促进省区节能减排效率的提高,同时将更进一步为碳排放权交易的进行奠定科学合理基础。

Considering the actual situation of China carbon emission and the supply system of carbon emission under the Supply-side reform, the paper prosed that the China carbon emission initial rights allocation should pay high attention to the three pairs of equilibrium relationships which conclude supply and demand, region and industries, equity and efficiency. The indexes of carbon emission initial rights were constructed based on the three pairs of equilibrium relationships. As the interval number can measure different development level of the regions, the model of carbon emission initial rights allocation was constructed based on the projective interval. The allocation of carbon emission initial rights in the North China is calculated in 2020. Comparing the result of the paper to the result that based on historical emissions, we can get the following conclusions. Firstly, based on the allocation result of the model, we can find that the Shanxi province get the most carbon emission, the following are Inner Mongolia, Hebei province and Tianjin, Beijing get the least carbon emission. Secondly, the allocation will promote the efficiency of energy saving and emission reduction in the regions. Moreover, the allocation has laid a solid foundation for carbon emission trading.

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国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目）