植物品种权保护对生物育种行业的影响研究

Research on Effects of Plant Variety Right Protection on Biological Breeding Industry

摘要:

植物品种权保护对育种产业产生了深远影响。构建生物育种企业之间的博弈模型以及育种企业和农业生产者之间的博弈模型,分析生物育种企业的产品选择、定价与品种权许可等市场行为。研究表明：较高的植物品种权保护水平不利于农作物品种多样化,有助于形成大型生物育种企业的市场垄断,并提高种子的市场价格；农业新品种种子价格由技术系数、投入品价格以及平均成本决定的规律揭示了发达国家技术领先的种业公司利用植物品种权保护机制操控发展中国家农业产业技术体系和产业链的现实。

Abstract:

Plant variety rights protection of breeding industry produced far-reaching influence. In this paper, game models about Bio-breeding enterprises and agricultural producers are used to analyze the product selection, pricing mechanism and the licensing behavior of breeding enterprises. The research shows that a higher level of plant varieties protection is not conducive to the diversification of crop varieties, which will help to form a market monopoly of large scale biological breeding enterprises, and increase the market price of seeds. The study also shows that the seed price of agricultural new varieties is determined by the technical coefficient, the price of the inputs and the average cost,which revealed such a fact that technology-leading seed companies in developed countries use the plant varieties protection mechanism to control agricultural industry technology system and industrial chain in developing country.