不同物流企业在运输服务中实施车辆资源的共享合作，是实现降耗节能减排的一种有效方式。构造一个以不同类型车辆数量为网络流、面向所服务的“生产商—零售商”两层级车辆资源合作超网络结构，建立各物流企业同时满足运营利润最高和碳排放量最低的多目标优化模型，利用变分不等式理论求解整个超网络达到最优均衡状态时的车辆配置方案。最后，以A和B为例，对两整车物流企业选择车辆资源合作的共同配送模式进行可行性分析，并通过数值仿真讨论碳税、车辆合作使用率等参数对物流企业车辆合作优化决策的重要影响。

Vehicles cooperation among different transport enterprises is an effective way for reducing consumption and saving energy. This paper constructs a two-tiered cooperative vehicle service supernetwork consisting of manufacturers and retailers, where the network flows are the amount of vehicles in different types. Based on this supernetwork, a multi-objective optimization model for different logistics enterprises is developed to maximize profit and minimize carbon emission, and then is transformed into the equivalent variational inequality form for solving the optimal vehicles assignment problem. Finally, taking A and B as example corporations, feasibility analysis is implemented to verify under what conditions should choose the joint distribution mode of vehicles cooperation. Moreover, numerical simulation is conducted to demonstrate the important impacts of key parameters including the carbon tax rate and the utilization of cooperative vehicles.

国家自然科学基金资助项目“基于异构救援网络的灾后应急物流建模与优化研究”(批准号：71571103),“环境规制下我国制造业转型升级研究”(批准号：71173116),“基于超网络的灾害下城市群应急资源调配优化研究” (批准号：71101073)；江苏高校品牌专业建设工程资助项目；江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目；中国制造业发展研究院2013年度开放课题(批准号：SK20130090-16)。