上海与深圳科技创新能力差异及创新模式比较分析*

Comparative Analysis on the difference of the Science and Technology Innovation Competence and Innovation Model between Shanghai and Shenzhen

摘要:

首先通过对上海和深圳科技创新活动基础、创新投入以及创新产出的比较分析，结果发现：上海和深圳城市科技创新能力存在显著差异。上海科技创新基础条件整体优于深圳，且上海创新投入也大于深圳，但深圳科技创新产出的一些重要指标明显高于上海。其次根据上述结论，分别从创新主体、市场化水平、文化环境、企业性质等几个层面剖析产生这种差异的根源，研究结果表明：较上海而言，以民营企业为创新主体、较高的市场化水平、良好的文化环境是深圳产生更多科技创新成果的关键因素。最后分别归纳总结出政府推动型的上海创新模式和市场驱动型的深圳创新模式，通过二者的对比分析，可为其它区域或城市创新发展提供相关借鉴与有益启示与相关借鉴。

关键词:科技创新;创新能力;创新模式;上海;深圳

Abstract:

Firstly，through comparing the science and technology innovation base as well as innovation input and output between Shanghai and Shenzhen，the results showed that there are significant differences of the science and technology innovation between Shanghai and Shenzhen. Overall basic condition in Shanghai is better than Shenzhen，and its innovation investment is greater than Shenzhen，but science and technology innovation output in Shenzhen is higher than Shanghai significantly in terms of some important indices. Secondly，according to the conclusions mentioned above， the key causes have been analyzed，, such as differences from the innovation subject，marketization level，cultural environment，the nature of the enterprise respectively. The research shows that private enterprises of the innovation subject，a higher level of marketization，the good cultural environment is the key of the higher scientific and technological innovation achievement in Shenzhen，, comparing with Shanghai. Finally，the paper summarizes Shanghai innovative development mode characterized by the government pushing and Shenzhen innovative development mode characterized by the market driving，through comparing and analyzing the two different innovation development mode in order to provide relevant reference and beneficial enlightenment and reference for the innovation and development of other regions or urban areas.

Key words:technological innovation;innovation competence;innovation model;Shanghai;Shenzhen