创业导向下的我国农村电子商务产业集群演进机理研究

Ｒesearch on Forming and Evolving Mechanism of E-commerce Industrial Clusters in China

摘要:

农村电子商务产业集群的形成是现代农民依托自然禀赋优势持续创新创业的过程。创业导向在产业集群成长过程中发挥着重要作用,是产业集群演进的最根本的推动因素。在集群形成阶段,创新性与行动超前性创业导向作用显著,电子商务商业模式创新应用是集群形成关键,培育领军企业是集群形成核心；在集群成长阶段,风险承担性和积极竞争性创业导向拉动集群成长；在集群成熟阶段,多种创业导向组合共同作用,创新性和行动超前性组合决定了集群可持续性,风险承担性和积极竞争性组合决定了集群运行效率,行动超前性和积极竞争性组合决定了集群规模效益。本文结合产业集群生命周期演进的特点,提出以创业导向为核心的产业集群成长机制理论,并以苏南农村地区两个产业集群为研究案例,具体解剖创业导向在产业集群演进中的作用。

Abstract:

The emergence of rural e-commerce industrial clusters reflects modern farmers’ continuous efforts to start their businesses by taking advantage of their natural endowments. Entrepreneurial orientation plays an important role in the growth of industrial clusters and constitutes the most fundamental incentive in the evolution of industrial clusters. Innovativeness and proactiveness of entrepreneurial orientation play a significant role in the formation of industrial clusters, the innovation in business modes of e-commerce constitutes the key to the formation of industrial clusters, and cultivation of leading enterprises constitutes the core in the formation of industrial clusters; risk-taking and competitive aggressiveness of entrepreneurial orientation promote the growth of industrial clusters in the clusters’ growing stage; in the maturing stage of industrial clusters, many entrepreneurial orientations work together: innovativeness and proactiveness combine to determine the clusters’ sustainability, risk-taking and competitive aggressiveness combine to determine the clusters’ working efficiency, and proactiveness and competitiveness combine to determine the clusters’ size and performance. This paper, based on the industrial clusters’ characteristics of periodical evolution, puts forward the theory of industrial cluster growth mechanisms with entrepreneurial orientation at the core, and takes the two industrial clusters in rural areas of South Jiangsu Province as examples and makes a detailed analysis of entrepreneurial orientation’s role in the evolution of industrial clusters.