收集我国高新技术产业2000—2014 年的面板数据，运用三阶段数据包络分析（DEA）模型测度高新技术产 业研发效率，系统分析关键影响因素对其影响。研究表明：（1）我国高新技术产业的研发效率损失在行业中普遍 存在，行业间的效率差异较为明显。（2）关键因素对研发人员与经费投入松弛变量的影响为技术支持、政府支持 且均显著为正，市场结构、开放程度、产权结构、企业规模、市场结构的影响均显著为负；产业绩效对研发人员冗 余的影响不显著为负，对经费投入松弛变量的影响不显著为正。（3）环境因素虚高了研发效率值。（4）研发全要 素生产率的提升主要得益于技术进步；规模效率是影响综合技术效率的最主要因素。在此基础上，提出有效提升我 国高新技术产业研发效率的政策建议。

Collecting the panel data of high and new technology industry between 2000 and 2014. Using three-stage DEA model, the paper measured the high and new technology industry R&D efficiency in our country, analyzed the key factor’s influence on it. Research shows that: 1. R&D efficiency loss of high-tech industries in China is common in the industry, and efficiency difference between industries is more obvious. 2. Key factor’s influence on the R&D personnel and funds input slack variable is: technical support and government support are significantly positive. Degree of openness of market structure, property right structure, enterprise scale and market structure are significantly negative. Industry performance has no significant negative impact on R&D staff redundancy, and has no significant positive influence on R&D funds slack variable. 3. The environmental factors inflate the value of R&D efficiency. 4. The ascension of R&D total factor productivity is mainly thanks to technological progress. Scale efficiency is the most important factor of comprehensive technical efficiency change. Based on this, the paper puts forward effective policy recommendations to enhance the high and new technology industry R&D efficiency.

F276.44；F224

国家社会科学基金项目“内外协同提升高新技术企业突破性创新能力的机制研究”（15BGL031）；国家自然科学基金项目“技 术联盟内合作创新的利益分配机制研究”（71473120）；江苏省高校“青蓝工程”中青年学术带头人培养对象项目( 苏教师 ﹝ 2014 ﹞ 23 号) 项目来源：南京工业大学经济与管理学院项目“科技创新人才培养工程（培育）”（2016-04-01）