人力资本与欧盟区域创新活动研究 ——基于探索性空间数据分析和地理加权回归模型

Researches on Human Capital and Regional Innovation of EU based on ESDA and GWR

摘要:

运用探索性空间数据分析和地理加权回归方法，实证分析2008-2015年欧盟28个国家人力资本要素的空间相关性及其对欧盟区域创新产出的影响。研究发现：第一，虽然人力资本要素存在空间相关性，但是正呈现扩散趋势；第二，不同国家的人力资本要素存在不同空间集聚模式；第三，欧盟多数国家的人力资本对专利申请量有正向作用，25-34岁博士毕业生数/千人对欧盟区域创新产出的正向作用最为突出，其次是非欧洲籍博士生比重和30-34岁受过高等教育人口比重，而20-24岁高中以上学历人口比重的推动作用有限，甚至会产生抑制作用。

Abstract:

By the exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) and geographically weighted regression (GWR) approaches, this paper analyzes both the spatial modes and influences on the regional innovation output of EU of human capital from 2008 to 2015. The results are that: Firstly, although overly there is spatial correlation of human capital in EU, the trend of diffusion is gradually developed; secondly, there are various spatial agglomeration modes of human capital elements in different nations; Last but not the least, most of human capital variables have positive effects on the patent applications of EU. The new doctorate graduates per 1 000 population aged 25-34 plays the most outstanding positive role on the innovation output, followed by the proportion of non-EU doctorate students of all doctorate students and percentage population aged 30-34 having completed tertiary education. Compared with above variables, the variable-percentage youth aged 20-24 having attained at least upper secondary level education has negative effects on the innovation output.