区域间专利引证关系特征及影响因素研究——以纳米领域为例

A Study on the Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Inter-regional Patent Citation —— A Case of Nanomaterials

摘要:

区域间专利引证对技术知识的跨区域流动与共享具有重要推动作用,以纳米领域为例,收集2011～2015年专利引证数据,剖析全国31个省份间专利引证关系特征并进行区域分类,构建区域间专利引证关系的影响因素指标,并利用泊松分布和负二项模型进行回归与检验。得出：高被引、高引证、双高地区均集中在江苏、上海、北京、广东等区域,引证关系密度快速增加；引证量与自引率持续增高,但被引量有所降低,说明纳米领域专利技术的区域辐射效果较弱,区域内部共享程度较高,区域间专利引证关系不活跃；通过回归分析发现区域R&D经费,科技覆盖范围,h指数与区域间纳米技术专利引证存在显著正相关。基于上述结论,给出了提升中国区域间专利技术引证的对策建议。

关键词:专利引证关系;科技协同;负二项模型;泊松分布模型

Abstract:

Inter-regional patent citations play an important role in promoting the cross-regional mobility and sharing of technical knowledge. We take the nanometer field as an example, collects the data of patent citations from 2011～2015, analyzes the characteristics of patent citation relations among 31 provinces and cities. It constructs the influencing factors of inter-regional patent citation relations and uses Poisson distribution and Negative binomial model for regression. It is concluded that high cited, high citation and double high areas are concentrated in Jiangsu, Shanghai, Beijing and Guangdong, the density of citation is increasing rapidly. The amount of citations and self-citations continue to increase, but the number of citations is reduced, indicating that the regional radiation effect of nanotechnology is weak, the sharing degree is high in the region, and the inter-regional patent citation relationship is not active. Through the regression analysis, it is found that there is significant positive correlation between R D expenditure, technology coverage, h-index and interregional nanotechnology patent citations. Based on the above conclusions, we give the suggestions to enhance the patenting technology of regional patent in China.

Key words:Patent citation relationship; Technical synergy; Negative binomial model; Poisson distribution model