大学生创业环境、创业动机与新创企业绩效关系研究

Relationship Among Entrepreneurial Environment，Entrepreneurial Motivation and Entrepreneurial Performance Based on Empirical Research on College Students' Entrepreneurs

摘要:

大学生创业环境对大学生创业动机和新创企业成长具有重要影响，但长期以来对大学生的创业环境、创业动机和创业企业成长变量间的相互影响关系并不清楚，如何优化创业环境进而提升创业绩效是创业实践中亟需解决的重要问题。创业环境因素并不能直接转化为创业绩效，而是需要创业动机这一内在的媒介转化为新创企业成长绩效。以417个小微型创业企业的大学生创业者为样本，构建大学生创业环境、创业动机和创业企业成长理论模型，运用结构方程模型对研究假设进行验证，结果表明：大学生创业动机的关键影响要素是高校创业教育和创业文化；高校创业教育、市场环境、扶持政策和创业文化通过大学生创业动机间接正向影响新创企业绩效，创业动机承担着大学生创业环境影响新创企业成长绩效的完全中介作用。完善大学生创业环境可强化大学生创业动机水平，进而提高创业企业绩效。

Abstract:

Entrepreneurs' entrepreneurial environment plays an important role on the entrepreneurial motivation and the growth of the new ventures. It is not clear that the relationship among entrepreneurial environment, entrepreneurial motivation and entrepreneurial performance. Therefore, how to promote entrepreneurial environment for entrepreneurial growth performance is a vital issue in practice．Entrepreneurs' entrepreneurial environment affect entrepreneurial performance， however not all factors of entrepreneurs' entrepreneurial environment can be converted into entrepreneurial performance directly，but the entrepreneurial motivation acted as the inner medium．This paper builds the conceptual model of relationship among entrepreneurial environment，entrepreneurial motivation and entrepreneurial performance，and uses structural equation to verify this theoretical hypothesis．The results show that: the key influencing factors of college students' entrepreneurial motivation are entrepreneurial education and entrepreneurial culture. Entrepreneurial motivation is a partial mediation variable for college students' entrepreneurial environment and performance of new venture. Improving the entrepreneurial environment of college students can strengthen the level of entrepreneurial motivation for performance-enhancing of entrepreneurial enterprises.