考虑网络效应的共享汽车租赁网络扩展分析

Car Sharing Network Development Analysis based on Network Effect

摘要:

为研究共享汽车租赁网络扩展的特征,本文将网络效应考虑在内,分别分析单个租赁网点在租赁网络扩张中的利润特征,不同网络结构下租赁网络的利润情况,最后给出共享汽车租赁网络的布局建议。研究发现：正网络外部性占主导时,租赁网点的边际利润随网络的扩展呈现出一种先递减再递增的趋势；当租赁网点受到负网络外部性主导时,其边际利润随网络扩展呈现出先增后减的趋势；并算得了各类网点的最小临界点和最大供给量；网络布局受路径依赖效应的影响,先布设受正网络外部性影响较大的网点时,网络所获的累计利润将更高；最后给出了网络扩张中,各网点布局的条件。

Abstract:

To formula the characteristics during the car sharing network development, this paper analyze the profit feature of single renting spot and the profit feature of the whole renting network respectively, which takes into account network effect; and provides suggestions of the car sharing network layout. Through sequential derivation, we get the following conclusions: the marginal profit of single renting spot would decrease first and then increase when it is influenced by the more positive network effect; in opposite, if a renting spot gets more negative network effect, its marginal profit would follow the increasing trend at the beginning, but decrease with the network developing. Moreover, we calculate the marginal condition of the different renting spots. Based on these, we derive the conclusion that the development of car sharing network conforms to the path-dependent effect, that is, the accumulated profit would be more when the renting spots of being influenced by positive network effect, are located as early as possible.