科技政策碎片化现象及治理机制

The Fragmentation of Science Technology Policyand Governance Mechanism

摘要:

科技政策作为公共政策的重要组成部分,在政策体系中处于核心地位,对经济社会发展、国家综合竞争力提升起着至关重要的作用。全面提升科技政策质量,需要防止科技管理中的条块分割、上下脱节、互相冲突的碎裂。从政策过程来看,科技政策碎片化现象主要表现在政策制定主体、制定内容、价值取向、政策工具、执行偏差、评估标准、政策延续性等方面。目前,我国科技政策存在不同程度的碎片化问题,包括政策内容短板现象、制定主体间协同度低、政策工具目标价值取向多元、执行主体间缺乏协调、政策执行出现偏差、评估标准不尽一致、政策延续性不足等。有效解决科技政策碎片化问题,应该从科技政策的价值取向、制定主体、执行、评估、终结等方面入手,制定具有科学性、针对性、可操作性的治理机制。

Abstract:

As an important part of public policy and a core of policy system, science and technology policy plays a crucial role in the development of economy and society as well as the enhancement of national comprehensive competitiveness. To improve the quality of science and technology policy, we need to prevent the fragmentation, disconnection and conflict in science and technology management. From the perspective of policy process, the fragmentation of science and technology policy is mainly manifested on the policymakers, the content and the value orientation of policies as well as policy tools, implementation deviation, evaluation standards and policy continuity. At present, China"s science and technology policies have various degrees of fragmentation, including the short board phenomenon in policy content, poor cooperation among policymakers, multiple orientation for the objectives of policy instruments, lack of coordination among implementing subjects, deviation of policy implementation, inconsistent evaluation standards, lack of continuity and so on so forth. To effectively solve the fragmentation of science and technology policy, we should set up a governance mechanism which is scientific, targeted and operable from the aspects of the value orientation, the policymaker, the implementation, the evaluation and the conclusion of the science and technology policy.