消费领域碳减排政策研究进展与展望

Development and Prospect of Carbon Emission Reduction Policiesin the Consumption Field Research

摘要:

简要概述消费领域碳排放源，回顾消费领域主要的碳减排政策，即碳税、个人碳交易和补贴政策，并就效率、效果、公平三方面进行比较分析。研究表明：（1）碳税操作便利，实施成本较低，可以实现减少碳排放和增加财政收入的双重红利，但容易形成累退效应；（2）个人碳交易是一项具有碳减排潜力的超前的减排政策；（3）消费侧的补贴政策有助于消费者选择低碳甚至是零碳排放的产品，进而引导节能生产。最后，展望消费领域碳减排政策的制定和实施。

Abstract:

This paper summarizes the sources of carbon emissions briefly, reviews the main carbon emission reduction policies in the consumption field, including Carbon Tax, Personal Carbon Trading and Subsidies, compared with efficiency, effectiveness and the equity of the three polices. The results show that: (1)carbon tax is easy to operate and lower in implementation costs. It can realize Double Dividend Revenue which reducing carbon emissions and increasing revenue, but it is easy to form a "regressive effect";（2）personal carbon trading is a potential carbon emission reduction policy but ahead of time;（3）the subsidy policy in the consumption field could help consumers to choose low carbon or even zero carbon emissions products to guide energy saving products production. Finally, this paper prospects the formulation and implementation of carbon emission reduction policy in the field of consumption.