基于两阶段DEA模型的混合所有制企业创新效率测度研究

Research on Innovation Efficiency of Mixed Ownership Enterprises Based on Two - stage DEA Model

摘要:

基于混合所有制改革的视角，运用2012-2015年制造业上市公司的面板数据，在考虑创新时滞的情况下根据创新生成和创新转化的两阶段特点构建关联型两阶段DEA模型，测算了两阶段中国制造业混合所有制企业的创新效率。结果显示：（1）制造业混合所有制企业两阶段创新效率整体较高，创新成果生成阶段及技术转化阶段综合效率在0.6以上的企业占比分别为95.92%和100%；（2）在未达到DEA有效的企业中，其无效主要是由于纯技术创新效率不高造成的，而规模效率水平相对较高，可以支持企业创新效率的发展；（3）制造业混合所有制企业技术创新具有明显的阶段性，创新转化阶段效率整体较好，而创新生成阶段效率偏低，这严重制约技术创新的发展；（4）两阶段都存在投入产出结构不合理的问题，其中创新生成阶段主要瓶颈在于产出不足；创新转化阶段主要瓶颈在于无形资产和人力资本投入冗余，而资本投入则相对较合理。最后，提出相关政策建议。

Abstract:

Based on the perspective of mixed ownership reform, using the panel data of manufacturing listed companies in 2012-2015, the two-stage DEA model is constructed according to the two-stage characteristics of innovation generation and innovation transformation, and the two- Innovation Efficiency of Mixed Manufacturing Enterprises in Chinese Manufacturing Industry. The results show that: (1) Manufacturing industry mixed ownership of the two-stage innovation efficiency as a whole higher, innovation results generation stage and technological transformation stage of the overall efficiency of more than 0.6 enterprises accounted for 95.92% and 100% (2) In the case of the two-stage innovation, the innovation efficiency of the manufacturing enterprises is higher than that of the enterprise. DEA effective enterprise, its inefficiency is mainly due to the pure technological innovation efficiency is not high, and the scale of efficiency is relatively high level, can support the development of enterprise innovation efficiency; (3) The technological innovation of the mixed manufacturing enterprises has obvious stage, the efficiency of the innovation transformation stage is better and the efficiency of the innovation generation stage is low, which seriously restricts the development of technological innovation.;(4) The main bottleneck in the stage of innovation is the lack of output. The main bottleneck of the innovation transformation stage is that the intangible assets and human capital investment are redundant, and the capital investment is relatively reasonable. The two stages are the irrational problem of the input-output structure. Finally, the relevant policy recommendations.